What to know before attending a powwow | First Peoples@Seneca | Seneca Students

Prior to the 1960’s, the federal government made powwows and potlatches illegal across Canada, enforcing the erosion of First Peoples culture. This section of the Indian Act (1876) forced First Nations communities to create alternative community events, such as bazaars or picnics. It took decades for communities to claim back this traditional gathering. For many communities, powwows are more than just a social event—they are living expressions of cultural identity. These gatherings are essential for passing down traditions, preserving languages and strengthening communal bonds. 

Powwows often begin with a Grand Entry, where dancers, drummers and participants enter the powwow space in a procession. This is followed by prayers, dances and songs, each carrying unique symbolism. The regalia worn by participants serves as a visual story, often handcrafted to represent identity, family or stories. Powwows are cultural celebrations of pride for people of all ages. These  events showcase the drums, dance, regalia, food and crafts of Indigenous Peoples and Nations across Turtle Island (North America).  

While powwows remain deeply rooted in tradition, they have also changed to reflect the modernity of Indigenous Peoples. Today, powwows are often open to the public, creating opportunities for cross-cultural education and appreciation. They have also become platforms for showcasing contemporary Indigenous artistry and talent. 

Is this your first time attending a powwow, or are you thinking of going but not sure what to expect? Here are thirteen do’s and don’t’s to guide your experience and ensure respect for the gathering: 

1. Be on time - Powwows follow a set schedule, so be on time to avoid missing important moments. 

2. Dress appropriately - To remain respectful of the culture and ceremony, dress modestly. If the weather is hot, a T-shirt and shorts are acceptable. 

3. Respect the Opening Prayer - The Grand Entry and the Opening Prayer mark the start of the Powwow. The Opening Prayer is always performed by an Elder. 

4. Ask before taking photos – Some moments, such as ceremonies and prayers, should not be photographed.. Ask permission before snapping. 

5. Do NOT bring drugs or alcohol - Alcohol, drugs and firearms are never allowed on the premises. Drugs and alcohol are not part of the culture. 

6. Pay attention to the announcers - The Master of Ceremonies will be talking throughout the event, so make sure to listen for when to sit, stand, and join in the dance! 

7. Know the difference between powwows - Some powwows are traditional ceremonies, while others are competition powwows where dancers and singers compete for prizes. 

8. Don’t be afraid to ask questions – A powwow is a spiritual experience for those performing. If you’re unsure about what’s happening, it’s always okay to ask 

9. Don’t forget your tobacco - Offering tobacco to an Elder or dancer before a question is a sign of tremendous respect. 

10. Browse the local vendors - When you’re buying from the artisans, you’re supporting Indigenous families and their communities. Avoid commenting on prices, as it represents the time, work, effort and sometimes prayer that goes into the creation. 

11. Children are welcome - Powwows are community and family events, so they’re a great place for children to learn about Indigenous culture. 

12. It’s regalia, not a costume - A dancer’s regalia is how they express their spirit. It’s a special piece of handmade clothing that holds spiritual significance to the dancer and is adorned with beading that has taken many hours (or even years) to assemble. Be respectful and always ask before taking photos or touching! 

13. Recognize different traditions - Traditions change from nation to nation. Sometimes, a local nation holds a cultural expo of their specific traditions — such as a sacred fire — or different dances take place that are specific to that region, like the smoke dance, fancy dance, chicken dance, switch dance or clown dance. Embrace diversity!